Fazlul H. Sarkar, Ph.D.
Professor of Pathology

Education:
Calcutta University, B.S. 1971
Aligarh Muslim University, M.S. 1974
Banaras Hindu University, Ph.D. 1978

Training:
Associate Researcher, Department of Animal Virology, Sloan Kettering Institute for Cancer Research, 1978-79 Postdoctoral Fellow, Interferon Laboratory, Sloan-Kettering Institute for Cancer Research, 1979-82 Ressearch Associate, Interferon Laboratory, Sloan-Kettering Institute, 1982-84

Hospital and Faculty Appointments:
Assistant Researcher, Equivalent to Assistant Professor, Oakland University, 1984-1987
Director of Research, Oxford Biomedical Research, Inc., Rochester, 1987-1988
Director, Tumor Biology, Dept of Pathology, Henry Ford Hospital, 1988-1990
Director of Molecular Biology Laboratory, Harper Hospital, 1990-1998
Adjunct Associate Professor, Department of Chemistry, Oakland University, 1990-1999
Adjunct Professor, Department of Chemistry, Oakland University, 1999-Present
Associate Professor of Pathology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, 1990-1997
Professor of Pathology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, 1997-Present

Major Interest:
Cancer Research, oncogene, tumor suppressor genes, transcription factors, gene regulation and chemoprevention.


Fazlul H. Sarkar, Ph.D., Professor of Pathology at WSU, has a longstanding record as a distinguished and innovative basic research scientist focusing on cancer, particularly adenocarcinomas of breast, prostate, lung and pancreas. Dr. Sarkar has made significant contributions in a number of diverse areas. His work leading to the isolation of the protein molecule, HER-2 / neu (c-erbB-2) Promoter Binding Factor (HPBF), for which he received two US patents, paved the way for the development of a blood/tissue test to screen for early breast cancer with aggressive potential. Investigations by Dr. Sarkar also include the differential expression of growth factor/growth factor receptor genes, oncogenes such as myc, c-erbB-2 and tumor suppressor genes including p53, Rb in human adenocarcinomas; HER-2 / neu in pancreatic adenocarcinomas and its relationship to tumor differentiation and survival; the relationship of WAF1 / CIP-1 (p21) gene expression and the p53 protein in pancreatic adenocarcinoma; exploration of gene therapy in lung and pancreas adenocarcinoma using p21 recombinant adenovirus; and investigation of increased NF-kB activity in c-erbB-2 and BRCA 1 positive human breast cancer. Dr. Sarkar believes that a broader understanding of the multiple genes involved in cellular growth, differentiation and programmed cell death (apoptosis) may prove vital in understanding the evolution of epithelial neoplasias. He also strongly feels that further study of gene regulation events may yield information that will facilitate the development of chemotherapeutic agents and other treatment modalities for the management and prevention of human adenocarcinomas.

Dr. Sarkar's relationship with the Karmanos Cancer Institute and WSU has allowed basic molecular oncology research to be translated quickly to therapeutic arena. Two such recent examples are in the areas of breast and prostate cancer. Dr. Sarkar is moving down an exciting new pathway in his breast cancer research, having just received a $296,000 grant from the United States Department of Defense to investigate the molecular mechanism by which soy metabolites, the isoflavones (genistein and daidzein) inhibit breast cancer cell growth and induce apoptotic cell death. Recently, similar studies in Prostate cancer has been founded with a $966,000 from to NIH. Epidemiological studies have indicated that breast cancer may be partly attributed to dietary factors. There appears to be an association between decreased breast cancer risk and increased consumption of soy products. Dr. Sarkar believes that the phytochemicals (Isoflavones), genistein and daidzein, may selectively eliminate aberrant breast epithelial cells (tumor cells) as they appear in vivo by altering the expression of cell cycle regulatory genes which, in turn, lead to cell differentiation and apoptotic cell death. Dr. Sarkar and his clinical colleagues, Drs. Omer Kucuk, David Bowman, Daniel Visscher and others are actively involved in studying the modulation of gene expression in human breast tissues obtained from breast cancer patients who received soy products prior to their surgery. It is hoped that this type of translational research, which rapidly and efficiently transfers significant laboratory findings to the clinical setting, will demonstrate the benefit of a soy diet in the prevention and treatment of breast cancer.

The second area of Dr. Sarkar's research is likewise novel and deals with prostate cancer chemoprevention using lycopene, an important chemical present in tomatoes and other fruits and vegetables. Once again, epidemiological studies have indicated that there is an association of decreased prostate cancer risk and increased levels of serum lycopene. Dr. Sarkar received funding from the National Cancer Institute for his pilot project to investigate the molecular mechanism by which lycopene inhibits prostate cancer cell growth and induces differentiation and apoptotic cell death. In addition, Dr. Sarkar and his clinical colleagues, Drs. Omer Kucuk (principal investigator), David Wood, Wael Sakr and others have just received a "virtual discovery grant" from the Karmanos Cancer Institute to investigate the modulation of gene expression in human prostate tissues obtained from prostate cancer patients who received lycopene in capsule form for three weeks prior to radical prostatectomy. The results of Dr. Sarkar's basic research, coupled with this clinical findings, will help to elucidate the molecular mechanism of the role of lycopene in the prevention and treatment of prostate cancer. Dr. Sarkar's hope is that these latest investigations will provide molecular clues in defining the role of soy metabolites and lycopene in breast and prostate cancer prevention and treatment.

Recently Dr. Sarkar received a 1.2 million dollar NIH R01 grant to conduct in vitro and in vivo animal experiments to elucidate the anti-tumor effect and molecular mechanism(s) by which soy isoflavone genistein induce cell growth inhibition and apoptosis in prostate cancer cells.

In addition, Dr. Sarkar has developed Pancreas cancer research project at the Karmanos Cancer Institute and published heavily in this area. He has published the development of an orthotopic model of human pancreas tumor and have successfully used it for the evaluation of potential chemotherapeutic drugs which will lead to the successful treatment of human pancreas cancer.

Dr. Sarkar's research findings have been published in numerous peer reviewed scientific journals, and have been awarded extramural grant funding. His efforts have been instrumental in the development of an important molecular oncology research program, which has uniquely allowed basic research on dissected human tissues in the WSU department of pathology and Karmanos Cancer Institute, emphasizing a multi disciplinary, translational approach in the attack on different human cancers.

Recent Publications:

1. Sarkar, F. H., and Gupta, S. L. On the Inhibition of Interferon Action by Inhibitors of Fatty Acid Cyclooxygenase. Virology, 123: 448-451, 1982. [Medline]

2. Joshi, A. R., Sarkar, F. H., and Gupta, S. L. Interferon Receptors: Cross-linking of Human Leukocyte Interferon- alpha 2 to its Receptor on Human Cells. J. Biol. Chem. 247: 13884 -13887, 1982. [Meldine]

3. Sarkar, F. H., and Gupta, S. L. Interferon Receptor Interaction: Internalization of Interferon -alpha2 and Modulation of Its Receptor on Human Cells. Europ. J. Biochem. 140: 461-467, 1984. [Medline]

4. Sarkar, F. H., and Gupta, S. L. Receptors for Human gamma Interferon: Binding and Cross-linking of 125I-labeled Recombinant Human gamma Interferon to Receptors on WISH Cells. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 81: 5160-5164, 1984.[Medline]

5. Raziuddin, A., Sarkar, F. H., Dukkowski, R., Shulman, L., Ruddle, F. H. and Gupta, S. L. Receptors for Human alpha and beta Interferon but not for gamma Interferon are Specified by Human Chromosome 21. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 81: 5504-5508, 1984. [Medline]

6. Sarkar, F. H., Mancini, M. A., Nag, A. C. and Roy, A. K. Cellular Interactions in the Hormonal Induction of alpha-2u Globulin in Rat Liver. J. Endocrinol. 111, 205-208, 1986. [Medline]

7. Sarkar, F. H., Sarkar, P. K., Watson, S., Poulik, M. D., and Roy, A. K. Cytoplasmic Androgen Binding Protein of Rat Liver: Molecular Characterization after Photoaffinity Labeling and Functional Correlation with the Age-Dependent Synthesis of alpha-2u Globulin. Biochemistry 26: 3965-3970, 1987.

8. Crissman, J.D., Zarbo, R.J., Johnson, T.J., Babu, V.R., Sarkar, F.H., Miles, B.J., Cerny, J.C.Advances in the diagnosis of urothelial neoplasia. Med. J. 37:19- 23, 1989. [Medline]

9. Sarkar, F. H and Crissman, J. D. Detection of Human Papilloma Virus DNA sequences by Polymerase Chain Reaction. BioTechniques 9: 180-185, 1990. [Medline]

10. Sarkar, F. H; Radclifff, G; Callewaert, D. M; Marnett, L. J; Eling, T. E; and Caspary, W. J. Grignon DJ Mutagenic response of mouse lymphoma cells after activation of benzidine and 2 -Aminofluorene with Purified Prostaglandin H Synthase. Mutation Research 242: 319-328, 1990.

11. Sarkar, F. H; Ball, D. E; Li, Y-W; and Crissman, J. D. Analysis of mRNA expression using a single 10 µm frozen tissue section. Clinical Biotechnology 3: 121-125,1991.

12. Sarkar, F. H; Li, Y-W; Ball, D. E; and Crissman, J. D. A comparative method for the detection of RNA-PCR amplified signals. BioTechniques 12(1): 22-26, 1992. [Medline]

13. Sarkar, F. H; Miles, B. J; Plieth, D. A; and Crissman, J. D. Detection of human papillomavirus in squamous neoplasm of the penis. J. Urol. 147: 389-392, 1992.[Medline]

14. Sarkar, F.H; Visscher, D. W; Kintanar, E.B; Zarbo, R.J and Crissman, J.D. Sinonasal Schneiderian papillomas: Human papilloma virus typing by polymerase chain reaction. Modern Pathology 5: 329-332, 1992. [Medline]

15. Wolman, S. R; Pauley, R. M; Mohamed, A; Dawson, P. J; Visscher, D. W; and Sarkar, F. H. Genetic markers as prognostic indicators in breast cancer. Cancer 70: 1765-1774, 1992.

16. Sarkar, F. H; Radcliff; Callewaert, D. M. Prostaglandin Synthase mediated metabolic activation of premutagen in Salmonella Typhimurium. Mutation Research 282: 273-281, 1992.

17. Sarkar, F.H; Sakr, W; Li, Y-W; Macoska, J; Ball, D.E; and Crissman, J.D. Analysis of retinoblastoma (RB) gene deletion in human prostatic carcinomas. The Prostate 21: 145-152, 1992. [Medline]

18. Sarkar, F.H; Sakr, W.A; Li, Y-W; Sreepathi, P; Crissman, J.D. Detection of human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA in human prostatic tissues by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The Prostate 22: 171-180, 1993. [Medline]

19. Sarkar, F.H; Ball, D.E; Tsang, W; Li, Y-W; and Kuo, T.H. Use of the polymerase chain reaction for the detection of alternatively spliced mRNAs of plasma membrane calcium pump. DNA and Cell Biology 12: 435-440, 1993. [Medline]

20. Sarkar, F.H; and Visscher, D.W. Human cancer: Molecular concepts and their influence in cytodiagnosis. Diagnostic Cytopathology 9: 333-343, 1993.

21. Visscher, D.W; Sarkar, F.H; LoRusso, P;Sakr, W ; Ottosen, S; Wykes, S; and Crissman, J.D. Immunohistologic evaluation of invasion-associated proteases in breast carcinoma. Modern Pathology 6: 302-306, 1993.

22. Visscher, D.W; Sarkar, F.H; Wykes, S; Kothari, K; Macoska, J; and Crissman, J.D. Clinicopathologic significance of p53 immunostaining in adenocarcinoma of the breast. Archives of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine 117: 973-976, 1993. [Medline]

23. Sarkar, F.H; Li, Y-W; and Crissman, J.D. A method for PCR-sequencing of the p53 gene from a single 10µm frozen or paraffin-embedded tissue section. BioTechniques 15: 36-38, 1993. [Medline]

24. Sarkar, F.H; Ball, D.E; Li, Y-W; and Crissman, J.D. Molecular cloning and sequencing of an intron of Her-2/neu (ERBB2) gene. DNA and Cell Biology 12: 611-615, 1993. [Medline]

25. Sarkar FH, Visscher DW, Crissman JD. Quantitative analysis of Her-2/neu (ERBB2) gene expression using reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. Diag Molecular Pathol 2(3):210-218, 1993. [Medline]

26. Crissman, J.D; Visscher, D.W; and Sarkar, F.H. Premalignant lesions of the upper Aerodigestive Tract: Biomarkers of genetic alterations, proliferation and differentiation. In:" Chemoprevention of Premalignant lesions of the upper Aerodigestive Tract" , J. Cell. Biochem 17F: 192-198, 1993. [Medline]

27. Sarkar, F.H; Kupsky, W.J; Li, Y-W; and Sreepathi, P. Analysis of p53 gene mutations in human gliomas by polymerase chain reaction based SSCP and DNA sequencing. Diagnostic Molecular Pathology 3(1): 2-8, 1994.[Medline]

28. Sarkar, F.H; Smith, M.R; Hoover, T; Princlear, G; Crissman, J.D; Visscher, D. W; Longo, D.L; Kung, H-F; Raziuddin. c-erbB2 promoter specific DNA-binding protein isolated from human breast cancer tissues displays mitogenic activity. J. Biol. Chem.269: 12285-12289, 1994. [Medlines]

29. Gao X, Wu N, Grignon D, Zacharek A, Liu H, Salkoski A, Li G, Sakr W, Sarkar FH, Porter A, Chen YQ, Honn KV. High frequency of mutator phenotype in human prostatic adenocarcinoma. Oncogene 9: 2999-3003, 1994. [Medline]

30. Chen YQ, Gao X, Grignon D, Sarkar FH, Sakr W, Honn KV, Borders JS, Crissman JD. Multiple mechanisms of p53 inactivation in prostatic carcinoma. Cancer Molecular Biology 1: 330-337, 1994.

31. Visscher DW, Hoyhtya M, Ottosen S, Liang C-M, Sarkar FH, Crissman JD, Fridman R. Enhanced expression of tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-2 (TIMP-2) in the stroma of breast carcinomas correlates with tumor recurrence. Int. J. Cancer 59: 339-344, 1994. [Medline]

32. Mohamed AN, Koppitch F, Varterasian M, Karanes C, Yao K-L, Sarkar FH. Bcr/Abl fusion located on chromosome 9 in chronic myeloid leukemia with a masked Ph chromosome. Genes, chromosomes and cancer 13: 133-137, 1995. [Medline]

33. Sarkar FH, Valdivieso M, Borders J, Yao K-L, Raval MMT, Madan SK, Sreepathi P, Shimoyama R, Steiger Z, Visscher DW, Crissman JD. An universal method for the mutational analysis of K-RAS and P-53 gene in non-small cell lung cancer using formalin fixed paraffin-embedded tissue. Diag. Mol. Pathol. 4(4): 266-273, 1995. [Medlline]

34. Brooks PC, Stromblad S, Klemke R, Visscher D, Sarkar FH, Cherish DA. Anti-integrin avb3 blocks human breast cancer growth and angiogenesis in human skin. J. Clin. Invest. 96: 1815-1822, 1995. [Medline]

35. Upadhyay S, Li G, Liu H, Chen YQ, Sarkar FH, Kim H-R C. Bcl-2 suppresses expression of p21WAF1/CIP1 in breast epithelial cells. Cancer Res. 55: 4520-4524, 1995. [Medline]

36. Chen YQ, Cipriano SC, Sarkar FH, Ware JL, Arenkiel JM. p53-independent induction of p21 (WAF1) pathway is preserved during tumor progression. Int. J. Oncol. 7: 889-893, 1995.

37. Sarkar FH, Sakr WA, Li Y-W, Crissman JD. Tumor suppressor p53 gene mutation in squamous cell carcinoma of the larynx. Diag. Mol. Pathol. 5 (3): 201-205, 1996. [Medline]

38. Shridhar R, Shridhar V, Wang X, Paradee W, Dugan M, Sarkar FH, Wilke C, Glover TW, Vaitkevicius VK, Smith DI. Frequent breakpoints in the 3p14.2 fragile site, FRA3B, in pancreatic tumors. Cancer Res. 56: 4347-4350, 1996. [Medline]

39. Chopra DP, Grignon DJ, Joiakim A, Mathieu PA, Mohamed A, Sakr WA, Powell IJ, Sarkar FH. Differential growth factor responses of epithelial cell cultures derived from normal human prostate, benign prostatic hyperplasia and primary prostate carcinoma. J Cell Physiology 169: 269-280, 1996. [Medline]

40. Visscher DW, Yadrandji S, Tabaczka P, Kraut M, Sarkar FH. Clinicopathologic analysis of k-ras, p53, and ERBB2 gene alterations in pulmonary adenocarcinoma. Diag. Mol. Pathol. 6: 64-69, 1997. [Medline]

41. Grignon D, Caplan R, Sarkar FH, Lawton C, Hammond E, Pilepich M, Forman J, Mesic J, Fu K, Abrams R, Pajak T, Shipley W, Cox J. p53 status and prognosis of locally advanced prostatic adenocarcinoma: A study based on RTOG 8610. JNCI 89 (2): 158-165, 1997. [Medline]

42. Dugan MC, Dergham ST, Kucway R, Singh K, Biernat L, Du W, Vaitkevicius VK, Crissman JD, Sarkar FH. Her-2/neu expression in pancreatic adenocarcinoma: Relation to tumor differentiation and survival. Pancreas 14: 229-236, 1997. [Medline]

43. Raziuddin A, Court D, Sarkar FH, Liu Y-L, Kung H-F, Raziuddin R. A c-erbB2 promoter-specific nuclear matrix protein (NMP) from human tumor tissues mediates NF-kB DNA-binding activity. J. Biol. Chem. 272: 15715-15720, 1997. [Medline]

44. Zhou J, Olsen S, Moldovan J, Fu X, Sarkar FH, Moudgil VK, Callewaert DM. Glucocorticoid regulation of natural cytotoxicity: Effects of cortisol on the phenotype and function of a cloned human natural killer cell line. Cellular Immunology 178: 108-116, 1997. [Medline]

45. Dergham ST, Dugan MC, Kucway R, Du W, Vaitkevicius VK, Crissman JD, Sarkar FH. Prevalence and clinical significance of combined K-ras mutation and p53 aberration in pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Int. J. Pancreatology 21: 127-143, 1997. [Medline]

46. Dergham ST, Dugan MC, Joshi US, Chen YQ, Kucway R, Du W, Smith D, Arlauskas P, Crissman JD, Vaitkevicius VK, Sarkar FH. Clinical significance of p21WAF-1 and p53 expression in pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Cancer 80: 372-381, 1997. [Medline]

47. Chopra DP, Sarkar FH, Grignon DJ, Sakr WA, Mohamed A, Waghray A. Growth of human nondiploid primary prostate tumor epithelial cells in vitro. Cancer Res. 57: 3688- 3692, 1997.[Medline]

48. Dergham ST, Dugan MC, Arlauskas P, Du W, Vaitkevicius VK, Crissman JD, Sarkar FH. Relationship of family cancer history to the expression of p53, p21WAF-1 , HER-2/neu, and k-ras mutation in pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Int. J. Pancreatology 21: 225-234, 1997. [Medline]

49. Grignon DJ, Schneider C, Sarkar FH, Sakr WA, Forman J. Histologic and biologic effects of combined radiation therapy and maximal androgen blockade on prostate cancer. Molecular Urology 1: 185-190, 1997.

50. Visscher DW, Sarkar FH, Kasunic TC, Reddy KB. Clinicopathologic analysis of amphiregulin and heregulin immunostaining in breast neoplasia. Breast Cancer Res. and Treat. 45: 75-80, 1997.

51. Kattar MM, Kupsky WJ, Shimoyama RK, Vo TD, Olson MW, Sarkar FH. Clonal analysis of gliomas. Human Pathology 28: 1166-1179, 1997. [Medline]

52. Shridhar V, Rivard S, Wang X, Shridhar R, Paisley C, Mullins C, Beirnat L, Dugan M, Sarkar F, Miller OJ, Vaitkevicius VK, Smith DI. Mutations in the arginine-rich protein gene (ARP) in pancreatic cancer. Oncogene 14: 2213-2216, 1997. [Medline]

53. Visscher DW, Sarkar FH, Kasunic TC, Fridman R, Banerjee M, Reddy KB. Phospholipase C-g immunostaining in human breast carcinoma- Clinical significance and correlations with protease and growth factor receptor species. The Breast Journal 3: 350-356, 1997.

54. Grignon DJ, Sakr WA, Sarkar FH, Tabaczka P, Wood DP, Crissman JD. P-Glycoprotein expression in the normal and neoplastic prostate gland: An immunohistochemical study. Journal of Urologic Pathology 7: 167-176, 1997.

55. Mohammad RM, Dugan MC, Mohamed AN, Almatchy VP, Flake TM, Dergham ST, Shields AF, Al-Katib AA, Vaitkevicius VK, Sarkar FH. Establishment of human pancreatic tumor xenograft model: Potential application for preclinical evaluation of novel therapeutic agents. Pancreas 16: 19-25, 1998. [Medline]

56. Joshi US, Dergham ST, Chen YQ, Dugan MC, Crissman JD, Sarkar FH. Inhibition of pancreatic tumor cell growth in culture by p21WAF1 recombinant adenovirus. Pancreas 16: 107-113, 1998. [Medline]

57. Joshi US, Chen YQ, Kalemkerian GP, Adil MR, Kraut M, Sarkar FH. Inhibition of tumor cell growth by p21WAF1 adenoviral gene transfer in lung cancer. Cancer Gene Therapy 5: 183-191, 1998. [Medline]

58. Mohammad RM, Al-Katib AA, Pettit GR, Vaitkevicius VK, Joshi US, Adsay NV, Majumdar APN and Sarkar FH. An orthotopic model of human pancreatic cancer in SCID-Mice: Potential application for preclinical studies. Clin. Cancer Res. 4: 887-894, 1998. [Medline]

59. Nangia-Makker P, Sarvis R, Visscher DW, Bailey-Penrod J, Raz A, Sarkar FH. Galectin-3 and retrotransposons in human breast carcinomas. Breast Cancer research and Treatment. 49: 171-183, 1998. [Medline]

60. Li Y-W, Bhuiyan MR, Vaitkevicius VK, Sarkar FH. Molecular analysis of the p53 gene in pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Diag. Mol. Path. 7: 4-9, 1998. [Medline]

61. Lian FR, Li Y-W, Kraut M, Sarkar FH. Genistein-induced G2M arrest, p21WAF1 up-regulation, and apoptosis in a non-small lung cancer cell line. Nutrition and Cancer 31(3): 184-191, 1998.

62. Davis JN, Singh B, Bhuiyan M, Sarkar FH. Genistein induced up-regulation of p21, down regulation of cyclin B and induction of apoptosis in prostate cancer cells. Nutrition and Cancer 32(3): 123-131, 1998. [Medline]

63. Adsay NV, Sakr WA, Grignon DJ, Crissman JD, Sarkar FH. Distribution of p21WAF1 in normal and neoplastic prostate tissue. Journal Urologic Pathology 9: 115-127, 1998.

64. Dugan MC, Sarkar FH. Current concepts in pancreatic cancer. A symposium summary. Pancreas 17 (4): 325-333, 1998. [Medline]

65. Dergham ST, Dugan MC, Sarkar FH. Vaitkevicius VK. Molecular alterations associated with improved survival in pancreatic cancer patients treated with radiation or chemotherapy. Journal of Hepatobiliary-Pancreatic Surgery 5: 269-272, 1998. [Medline]

66. Li Y-W, Bhuiyan MR, Mohammad RM, Sarkar FH. Induction of apoptosis in breast cancer cells by TPA. Oncogene 17: 2915-2920, 1998.

67. Li Y-W, Bhuiyan MR, Vaitkevicius VK, Sarkar FH. Structutal alteration of p53 protein correlated to survival in patients with pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Pancreas 18: 104-110, 1999. [Medline]

68. Adsay NV, Dergham ST, Koppitch FC, Dugan MC, Mohamed AN, Vaitkevicius VK, Sarkar FH. Utility of fluorescence in situ hybridization in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Pancreas 18: 111-116, 1999. [Medline]

69. Rakozy C, Grignon DJ, Li Y-W, Gheiler E, Gururajanna B, Pontes JE, Sakr W, Wood DP, Sarkar FH. P53 gene alterations in prostate cancer after radiation failure and their association with clinical outcome:A molecular and immunohistochemical analysis. Patho. Res. Pract. 195: 129-135, 1999. [Medline]

70. Li Y-W, Upadhyay S, Bhuiyan M, Sarkar FH. Induction of apoptosis in breast cancer cells MDA-MB-231 by genistein. Oncogene 18: 3166-3172, 1999. [Medline]

71. Lian F, Li Y-W, Bhuiyan M, Sarkar FH. P53 independent apoptosis induced by genistein in lung cancer cells. Nutrition and Cancer 33: 125-131, 1999. [Medline]

72. Alhasan SA, Pietrasczkiwicz H, Alonso MD, Ensley J, Sarkar FH. Genistein induced cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in a head and neck squamous cell carcinoma cell line. Nutrition and Cancer 34(1): 12-19, 1999. [Medline]

73. Jaszewaski R, Khan A, Sarkar FH, Kucuk O, Tobi M, Zagnoon A, Dhar R, Kinzie J, Majumdar APN. Folic acid inhibition of EGFR mediated proliferation in human colon cancer cell lines. Am. J. Physiol. 277: C1142-1148, 1999.

74. Sarkar FH, Li Y-W, Sakr W, Grignon DJ, Madan SS, Wood DP, Adsay NV. Relationship of p21WAF1 expression with disease-free survival and biochemical recurrence in prostate adenocarcinoma (PCa). The Prostate 40: 256-260, 1999. [Medline]

75. Sarkar FH. Book Reviews: Functional Endocrine Pathology. Second Edition. Trends in Endocrinology and Metabolosm. 10(7): 290-291, 1999.

76. Davis JN, Kucuk O, Sarkar FH. Genistein inhibits NF-kB activation in prostate cancer cells. Nutrition and Cancer 35(2): 167-174, 1999. [Medline]

77. Mohammad RM, Li Y-W, Mohamed AN, Pettit GR, Adsay NV, Vaitkevicius VK, Al-Katib, A, Sarkar FH. Clonal preservation of human pancreatic cell line derived from primary pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Pancreas 19: 353-361, 1999. [Medline]

78. Li Y-W, Bhuiyan M, Sarkar FH. Induction of apoptosis and inhibition of c-erbB-2 in MDA-MB-435 cells by genistein. Int. J. Oncol. 15: 525-533, 1999. [Medline]

79. Li Y-W, Singh B, Ali N, Sarkar FH. Induction of growth inhibition and apoptosis in pancreatic cancer cells by auristatin-PE and gemcitabine. Int. J. Mol. Med. 3: 647-653, 1999. [Medline]

80. Gururajanna B, Al-Katib, AA, Li Y-W, Arahana O, Vaitkevicius VK, Sarkar FH. Molecular effects of taxol and caffeine on pancreatic cancer cells. Int. J. Mol. Med. 4: 501-507, 1999. [Medline]

81. He Z, Evelhoch JL, Mohammad RM, Adsay V, Pettit GR, Vaitkevicius VK, Sarkar FH. Magnetic resonance imaging to measure therapeutic response using an orthotopic model of human pancreatic cancer. Pancreas 21: 69-76, 2000. [Medline]

82. Alhasan SA, Ensley J, Sarkar FH. Genistein induced molecular changes in a squamous cell carcinoma of the head and Neck cell line. Int. J. Oncol. 16: 333-338, 2000. [Medline]

83. Aranha O, Wood, DP, Sarkar FH. Ciprofloxacin mediated cell growth inhibition, S/G2M cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in a human transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder cell line. Clin. Cxancer Res. 6: 891-900, 2000. [Medline]

84. Li, YW, Bhuiyan, M, Alhasan S, Senderowicz AM, Sarkar FH. Induction of apoptosis and inhibition of c-erbB2 in breast cancer cells by flavopiridol. Clin. Cancer Res. 5: 223-229, 2000.[Medline]

85. Davis JN, Muqim N, Bhuiyan M, Kucuk O, Pienta KJ, Sarkar FH. Inhibition of prostate specific antigen expression by genistein in prostate cancer cells. Int. J. Oncol. 16: 1091-1097, 2000. [Medline]

86. Adsay NV, Logani S, Sarkar FH, Crissman J, Vaitkevicius V. Foamy gland pattern of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma: A deceptively benign-appearing variant. Am.J.Surg.Path. 24: 493-504, 2000.

87. Li YW, Chinni SR, Senderowicz AM, Sarkar FH. Induction of growth inhibition and apoptosis in prostate cancer cells by flavopiridol. Int. J. Oncol. 17: 755-759, 2000. [Medline]

88. Rahman KMW, Aranha O, Glazyrin A, Chinni S, Sarkar FH. Translocation of Bax to mitochondria induces apoptotic cell death in indole-3-carbinol (I3C) treated breast cancer cells. Oncogene 19: 5764-5771, 2000. [Medline]

89. Glazyrin AL, Adsay VN, Vaitkevicius VK, Sarkar, F. H. CD95-related apoptotic machinery is functional in pancreatic cancer cells. Pancreas 22: 357-365, 2001. [Medline]

90. Adsay NV, Pierson C, Sarkar, F. H Abrams J, Weaver D, Conlon KC, Brennan MF, Klimstra DS. Colloid (mucinous non-cystic)- carcinoma of the pancreas. Am J Surg Path. 25: 26-42, 2001. [Medline]

91. Hillman, GG, Forman JD, Kucuk O, Yudelev M, Maughan R, Rubio J, Layer A, Tekyi-Mensah S, Abrams J, Sarkar, F. H. Genistein potentiates radiation effect on prostate carcinoma cells. Clin. Cancer Res. 7: 382-390, 2001. [Medline]

92. Chinni S, Li Y, Upadhyay S, Koppolu P, Sarkar, F. H. Indole-3-Carbinol (I3C) induced cell growth inhibition, G1 cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in prostate cancer cells. Oncogene 20: 2927-2936, 2001. [Medline]

93. Davis JN, Kucuk O, Djuric Z, Sarkar, F. H. Soy isoflavone supplementation in healthy men prevents NF-kB activation by TNF-a in blood lymphocytes. Free Radical Biology and Medicine 30: 1293-1302, 2001. [Medline]

94. Pierson CR, Schober MS, Wallis T, Sarkar, F. H, Sorensen PHB, Eble JN, Srigley JR, Jones EC, Grignon DJ, Adsay VN. Mixed epithelial and stromal tumor of the kidney lacks the genetic alterations of cellular congenital mesoblastic nephroma. Human Pathology 32: 513-520, 2001. [Medline]

95. Upadhyay S, Neburi M, Chinni SR, Alhasan S, Miller F, Sarkar, F. H. Differential sensitivity of normal and malignant breast epithelial cells to genistein is partly mediated by p21(WAF1). Clin. Cancer Res. 7: 1782-1789, 2001. [Medline]

96. Kucuk O, Sarkar, F. H, Sakr WA, Djuric Z, Pollak MN, Khachik F, Li Y-W, Banerjee M, Grignon D, Bertram JS, Crissman JD, Pontes EJ, Wood DP. Phase II randomized clinical trial of lycopene supplementation before radical prostatectomy. Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers & Prevention 10: 861-868, 2001. [Medline]

97. Sarkar, F. H, Li Y-W, Vallyathan V. Molecular analysis of p53 and K-ras in lung carcinomas of coal miners. Int. J. Mol. Med. 8: 453-459, 2001.

98. Prasad AS, Bao B, Beck FWJ, Sarkar, F. H. Zinc activates NF-kB in HUT-78 cells. Journal of Laboratory and Clinical Medicine 138: 250-256, 2001.[Medline]

99. Mohammad RM, Adsay NV, Philip PA, Petitt GR, Vaitkevicius VK, Sarkar FH. Bryostatin 1 induces differentiation and potentiates the antitumor effect of auristatin PE in a human pancreatic tumor (PANC-1)-xenograft model. Anti-Cancer Drugs 12: 735-740, 2001. [Medline]

100. Merati K, said Siadaty M, Andea A, Sarkar, F. H, Ben-Josef E, Mohammad R, Philip P, Shields AF, Vaitkevicius V, Grignon DJ, Adsay NV. Expression of inflammatory modulator cox-2 in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma and its relationship to pathologic and clinical parameters. Am J Clin Oncol. 24: 447-452, 2001. [Medline]

101. Glazyrin AL, Chinni S, Alhasan S, Adsay NV, Vaitkevicius VK,Sarkar, F. H. Molecular mechanism(s) of actinomycin-D induced sensitization of pancreatic cancer cells to CD95 mediated apoptosis. Int. J. Oncol. 20: 201-205, 2001. [Medline]

102. Tiguert R, Oskanian P, Li YW, Grignon DJ, Wood DP, Pontes JE,Sarkar, F. H. Structural alteration of p53 protein in patients with muscle-invasive bladder transitional cell carcinoma. J. Urology 166: 2155-2160, 2001.

103. Alhasan SA, Aranha O, Sarkar, F. H. Genistein elicits pleiotropic molecular effects on head and neck cancer cells. Clin. Cancer Res. 7: 4174-4181, 2001. [Medline]

104. Aranha O, Zhu L, Alhasan S, Wood DP, Kuo T, Sarkar FH. Role of mitochondria in ciprofloxacin induced apoptosis in bladder cancer cells. J. Urology 167: 1288-1294, 2002. [Medline]

105. Chinni SR, Sarkar, F. H Akt inactivation is a key event in indole-3-carbinol (I3C) induced apoptosis in PC-3 cells. Clin. Cancer Res. 8: 1228-136, 2002. [Medline]

106. Rahman KMW, Sarkar, F. H Steroid hormone mimics: molecular mechanisms of cell growth and apoptosis in normal and malignant mammary epithelial cells. Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology 80: 191-201, 2002. [Medline]

107. Adsay NV, Merati K, Andea A, Sarkar, F. H, Hruban RH, Wilentz RE, Goggins M, Iocobuzio-Donahue C, Longnecker DS, Klimstra DS. The dichotomy in the dysplasia-cis-invasive carcinoma sequence: Differential MUC1 and MUC2 immunoexpression in the pancreas supporting the existence of two separate pathways of carcinogenesis. Modern Pathology (In Press).

108. Pernick NL, Sarkar, F. H, Tabaczka P, Kocher BA, Adsay NV. Fas and fas ligand expression in pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Pancreas (In Press).

109. Li Y, Sarkar, F. H. Inhibition of NF-kB activation in PC3 cells by genistein is m3ediated via Akt signaling pathway. Clin. Cancer Res. (In Press).

110. El-Rayes BF, Grignon R, Aslam N, Aranha O, Sarkar, F. H Ciprofloxacin inhibits cell growth and synergies the effect of etoposide in hormone resistant prostate cancer cells. Int. J. Oncology, 2002. [Medline]

111.Sarkar, F. H, Li Y. Mechanisms of cancer chemoprevention by soy isoflavon genistein. Metastasis Reviews, 2002 (In Press).

112. Feng J, Adsay NV, Kruger M, Majumdar APN, Sarkar, F. H. Expression of ERRP in normal and neoplastic pancreata and its relationship to clinicopathological parameters in pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Pancreas (In Press).

113. Davis JN, Kucuk O, Sarkar, F. H Expression of prostate specific antigen (PSA) is transcriptionally regulated by genistein in prostate cancer cells. Molecular Carcinogenesis (In Press).

114. Li Y, Sarkar, F. H. Down regulation of invasion and angiogenesis related genes identified by cDNA microarray analysis of PC-3 prostate cancer cells treated with genistein. Cancer Lett. (In Press).

115. Pernick NL, Sarkar, F. H, Arlauskas P, Philip PA, Shields AF, Vaitkevicius VK, Dugan MC, Adsay NV. Clinicopathologic analysis of pancreatic adenocarcinoma in african-americans and caucasians. (In Press)

116. Prasad AS, Bao B, Beck FWJ, Sarkar, F. H. Zinc enhances the expression of IL-2 and it’s receptors in HUT-78 cells via NF-kB activation. Journal of Laboratory and Clinical Medicine (In Press).

Books and Chapters:

1. Raziuddin, A., Sarkar, F. H., and Gupta, S. L. Interferon Receptors on Human Cells. Proceedings of the 1983 Meeting of "Biology of the "Interferon System" (E. DeMaeyer and H. Schellekens, eds.). Elsevier Science Publishers B. V., pp.175-181, 1983.

2. Gupta, S. L., Raziuddin, A. and Sarkar, F. H. Receptors for Human Interferons. Proceedings of the 3rd International T. N. O. Meeting (1984) on " The Biology of Interferon System". (H. Kirchner and H. Schllekens, eds.) Elsevier Science Publishers, B. V. pp 637-644, 1985.

3. Sarkar, F. H., and Gupta, S. L. Radiolabeling of Human Leukocyte and Immune Interferons with 125I and Lactoperoxidase. Methods in Enzymology Vol. 119, Interferon part C, volume editor Sidney Pestka, Academic Press, Inc., pp 263-267, 1985.

4. Roy, A. K., Sarkar, F. H., Nag, A. C. and Mancini, M. A. Role of Cytodifferentiation and Cell-Cell Communication in the Androgen Dependent Expression of alpha-2u Globulin Gene in Rat Liver. Cellular Endocrinology: Hormonal Control of Embryonic and Cellular Differentiation. Vol. 1. (G. Serero, J. Hayashi and G. Sato, eds). Alan R. Liss, Inc. 401-415, 1986.

5. Roy, A. K., Sarkar, F. H., Murty, C. V. R., Majumdar, D. and Demyan, W. F., Intra and Inter Cellular Aspects of the Hormonal Regulation of alpha-2u Globulin Gene Expression. In: Gene Regulation by Steroid Hormones III, A. K. Roy and J. H. Clark (eds.), Springer Verlag, NY, Chapter 14, pp. 234-246, 1986.

6. Garg, B. D., Olson, M. J., Sarkar, F. H., and Roy, A. K. Renal Hyalin Droplet and Alpha-2u Globulin Accumulation After Gasoline Administration to Male Rats. Research Publication of General Motors Research Laboratories, GMR 5514, 1-13, 1986.

7. Olson, M. J., Garg, B. D., Sarkar, F. H., and Roy, A. K. Hyaline Droplet and Alpha-2u Globulin Accumulation in the Kidneys of Male Rats After Gasoline Administration. Research Publication of General Motors Research Laboratories. GMR 5597, 1-13, 1986.

8. Sarkar, F. H., Squires, J. J. and Gupta, S. L. On the Mechanism of Anticellular Activity of Human Interferon (s). Proceedings of The Miami Biotechnology Winter Symposia, Advances in Gene Technology: Protein Engineering and Production. ( Brew, K; Ahmad, F; Bialy, H. et al.) Vol. 8: 197, 1988.

9. Sarkar, F.H., Squires, J.: Modulation of P53 gene expression by Interferon treatment. Proceedings of The 1991 Miami Biotechnology Winter Symposium, Advances in Gene Technology: The Molecular Biology of Human Genetic Disease (Ahmad, F; Bialy, H; Black, S. et al, eds). Vol. 1: 82, 1991.

10. Crissman, J. D; Cerra, R; and Sarkar, F. H. The Morphology of Cancer Cell Arrest and Extravasation. In: Microcirculation in cancer metastasis, CRC press, Boca Raton, Florida Chapter 13, 205-215,1991.

11. Visscher, D.W; Sarkar, F.H; and Crissman, J.D. Clinical Significance of pathologic, cytometric, and molecular parameters in carcinoma of the breast. Advances in Pathology and Laboratory Medicine. 5: 123-161, 1992.

12. Sarkar, F. H; Miles, B. J; Plieth, D. A; and Crissman, J. D. Detection of human papillomavirus in squamous neoplasm of the penis. Urology/Nephrology Digest #1, Page 19-20, 1992.

13. Sarkar, F.H; Ball, D.E. TA Cloning: Direct PCR cloning. The Digest, Published by Invitrogen Corporation. Vol 5, Issue 4, 1992.

14. Visscher DW, Sarkar FH, Fridman R, Crissman JD. Biological and clinical significance of "invasion-associated" proteases in epithelial neoplasia. Advances in Path and Lab Med 7: 533-564, 1994.

15. Visscher DW, Sarkar FH, Crissman JD. Molecular Genetic Analysis in the Pathologic Evaluation of Neoplasia: Theory and Practice. Focuss issue on Molecular Diagnosis for the Journal of Clinical Laboratory Analysis. 11: 10-16, 1997.

16. Sarkar FH, Li Y-W, Crissman JD. A method for PCR sequencing of the p53 gene from a single 10µm frozen or paraffin-embedded tissue section. Page 291-295, 1997. The PCR Technique: DNA Sequencing II. Biotechniques Book, Eaton Publishing, MA.

17. Sarkar FH, Joshi US, Adsay V, Mohammad RM. Experimental models of human pancreatic tumors for clinical therapy. In: Pancreatic Cancer: Advances in molecular pathology, diagnosis and clinical management. Edited By: Fazlul H. Sarkar and Michael C. Dugan, BioTechniques Books, Eaton Publishing, PP 165-188, 1998.

18. Dugan MC, Sarkar FH. Molecular markers of in situ neoplasia in the pancreas. In: Pancreatic Cancer: Advances in molecular pathology, diagnosis and clinical management. Edited By: Fazlul H. Sarkar and Michael C. Dugan, BioTechniques Books, Eaton Publishing, PP 83-96, 1998.

BOOK EDITING:

Advances in molecular pathology, diagnosis and clinical management. Edited By: Fazlul H. Sarkar and Michael C. Dugan, BioTechniques Books, Eaton Publishing, 1998.

email: fsarkar@med.wayne.edu